The basic concept of appraisal, resolving disputes over the dollar amount of a covered loss using two appraisers and a neutral umpire, is common across the country, but the specific rules and procedures involved are not identical from state to state.
Some states have enacted specific statutes addressing property insurance appraisal, covering topics like appraiser qualifications, umpire appointment procedures, or timelines, while other states rely more heavily on general contract law principles and the specific language of the policy.
How courts in a given state have historically treated appraisal awards, including the standards for challenging one, can also differ, which can affect how the process plays out if a dispute over the award itself arises.
Even practical details, such as how quickly a court will appoint an umpire when appraisers cannot agree, or how costs are typically allocated, can vary based on local practice and state specific rules.
Because of this variation, anyone with specific questions about how appraisal works in their state should review their policy carefully and, if needed, speak with an attorney familiar with their state’s insurance laws.
This article is general education about how the appraisal process commonly works. It is not legal advice, and specific procedures can vary by state and policy. If you have questions about your own claim, review your policy language and talk with your insurance company, agent, or an attorney familiar with your state’s laws.
Russ Lis is a working property insurance appraiser and umpire based in Minnesota, serving clients nationwide. Have a question about your own claim? Contact Appraisal Resolution.